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Perceiving of hierarchical rank and mate preference in humans
Chmelíková, Kateřina ; Jozífková, Eva (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
Distinguished ways are used to measure hierarchical rank between partners in surveys. Aim of this thesis was to study preference for partner of particular hierarchical rank towards respondent 1) according to rating of photographs, 2) according to respondent's ideas about his/her future partnership organization, 3) according to respondent's natural tendency to lead or to yield, and to compare these ways of preference assessment. Questionnaires from 95 female university students aged to 25 years inc. were processed. Respondents, who claimed they will submit their partner or they will take turns in subordination with their partner half and half, were more submissive in ordinary life than respondents, who claimed they will be equal to their partner. Expected connection between idea about future partnership organization or submissiveness in ordinary life and choice of photograph depicting figurant with particular signs of nonverbal dominance was not found. Nevertheless, differences in choices of photographs were found between females using hormonal contraceptives and females not using any hormonal contraceptives. Key words: mate-choice, dominance, submissiveness, attractiveness.
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Secondary sexual traits and ageing
Novotná, Kateřina ; Tomášek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Svobodová, Jana (referee)
Sexual selection is a key evolutionary mechanism that is based on differential reproductive success among individuals. Sexual selection drives evolution of sexual dimorphism and secondary sexual traits. These traits are often of ornamental character and may function as indicators of individual quality and viability in mate-choice. Ornamental traits may signal viability in two ways: either directly, when their expression reflects body condition and ornament predicts the probability of future survival; or indirectly, if their expression is age-dependent and intense ornament express only individuals that proved the ability to survive to old age. Ornament expression may also decline in old age, however, as a result of negative effect of senescence. The aim of my thesis was to assess, whether, and which, ornaments signal individual age and survival in free-ranging vertebrates with determinate growth and whether is ornament expression affected by senescence.
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Perceiving of hierarchical rank and mate preference in humans
Chmelíková, Kateřina ; Jozífková, Eva (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
Distinguished ways are used to measure hierarchical rank between partners in surveys. Aim of this thesis was to study preference for partner of particular hierarchical rank towards respondent 1) according to rating of photographs, 2) according to respondent's ideas about his/her future partnership organization, 3) according to respondent's natural tendency to lead or to yield, and to compare these ways of preference assessment. Questionnaires from 95 female university students aged to 25 years inc. were processed. Respondents, who claimed they will submit their partner or they will take turns in subordination with their partner half and half, were more submissive in ordinary life than respondents, who claimed they will be equal to their partner. Expected connection between idea about future partnership organization or submissiveness in ordinary life and choice of photograph depicting figurant with particular signs of nonverbal dominance was not found. Nevertheless, differences in choices of photographs were found between females using hormonal contraceptives and females not using any hormonal contraceptives. Key words: mate-choice, dominance, submissiveness, attractiveness.
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The family strategies of farmers in the village Vítkov 1700-1850
ČERNÝ, Václav
The thesis being hereby presented is concerned with the problematics of family strategies´ aplications in peasants´ families in the village of Vítkov, dated 1700-1850. The work itself is based upon analysis of evidence- and insurance resources, that means mostly registry and cadastral books, urbars and census of subjects. Methodologically, this work proceeds from historical demography and its connection with micro-history and genealogy. Transfers of peasants´s grounds and application of their rights of hertitage become the main subject of research. Secondly, this thesis focuses on peasants life partners choices, families´ maritial strategies and migration. In addition, there are ways of employment drafted for those rural families´ members who had no claim to taking over a paternal ground, thusly achieving to give evidence of how different the family strategies in two contiguous parts of South Bohemia would once have been. The substantial asset of this thesis supposed is to confirm the benefits of joining both historical demography and genealogy whist studying Czech rural areas including possible use of specialised genealogical software.
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Czech-Chinese partnership and marriage
ZHAO, Ting
The objective of this thesis is to describe the way Czech-Chinese partner-ships/marriages are perceived and experienced by the partners involved. The thesis has two parts. The theoretical part forms the basis for the subsequent empirical research. It clarifies the terminology, the motivation of meeting one?s partner, the importance of mixed marriages and the life of the Chinese minority in Bohemia. The practical part describes the research. Qualitative research through the method of interviewing was used. The interviews with eight questions yielded information from nine respondents - Czechs and the Chinese who are partners involved in this type of relationship. Their views and experience are analyzed by the method of clumps. The research results yielded insights into the relationship and coexistence of Czech-Chinese partnerships. The research showed that most partners in Czech-Chinese marria-ges had been learning about each other for some time before entering into the relation-ships. The research yielded thirteen kinds of motivation to get acquainted. Some of them are characteristic only for marriages between foreigners. Most respondents, however, met their partners by random coincidence. The answers of the respondents indicated twenty-one specific problems in their relationships. These problems are of social or cultural nature or ones commonly occurring between partners. Partners? par-ent? attitudes vary. The reasons for rejection are concerns about the happiness of their children or prejudices against foreigners. In public, the couples usually feel good. Only occasionally they are confronted with negative responses. The partners communicate using Czech, Chinese and English. According to the respondents, this type of coexisten-ce in most cases has not changed the usual lifestyle. The only exception is food. The other areas of co-existence are individual and standard. The opinions of the respondents on this type of marriage are not uniform. Some think that the boundaries of cultural dif-ference cannot be overcome. Others look positively that cultures complement each other. When people can take advantage of these differences, they enrich their lives. The research results expand the knowledge of ethnically mixed marriages and they can serve as a basis for further research.
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